Carrying human excreta on head is service?
PM Modi has released a slogan -- ‘Swachhata hi seva’. Crores of money has been released for the purpose of ‘cleanliness’; officers and their minions have been looting at least half of these funds for their own purpose.
That being the case, who is the government declaring ‘Swachhata hi seva’ for? Is this call for the Pourakarmikas and the ones who carry human excreta on their heads to clean homes? It is rather an easy conclusion to reach, looking at Modi’s call that this declaration is mostly without any meaning.
Because the life of those who keep our surroundings clean, by clearing the manholes, carrying excreta, sweeping our roads and disposing of the waste are in pits. They are never paid on time, no decent salary to lead a life of security and dignity, and they are never given safety gears to perform their jobs.
Most of them meet their ends inside a manhole, while performing their ‘jobs’ that the society forces them to do. In his book ‘Karmayogi’ Modi speaks of the jobs of janitors and manhole cleaners as a ‘spiritual experience’.
Swachhata Andolan focuses only on building toilets and totally ignoring the caste angle in maintaining those very structures. Politicians pretend to clean the road for a photo and then they disappear for long after media covers their show.
But the ones who clear excreta and clean the roads in real sense, are Dalits. Hence, owing to caste hierarchy, though the people who hold contracts to maintenance of toilets belong to higher castes, the ones who clean these spaces are from lower caste.
One of the major failures of Swachhata Andolan would be India’s closed mindset that only lower castes must do all the cleaning jobs across the country. As per 2011 census, 7,40,078 human janitors and cleaners clear excreta from dry toilets in the country. About 1,82,505 families are still engaged in this profession in the rural part of our nation. This data is testimony to the fact that carrying human excreta is a practice that is still in force.
All the rules, policies and laws have failed in stopping this ill practice from continuing into the future. The Act to prohibit the jobs that involve carrying of human excreta from toilets passed in 1993 was rendered useless since it was not brought into practice for over three and half years subsequent to its passing.
The federal system that failed to compel the states to strengthen the states and compel them to implement the 1993 law, this act remained a mere statement. This act carried one year jail sentence and just Rs 2,000 penalty, and hence this did not discourage many people from engaging others into this heinous work.
The failure of this law led to many other legal battles. As a result of that, in 2014 case heard by the Supreme Court against the state, passed a judgment to rehabilitate Safai Karamcharis who were forced to carry human excreta.
In September 2013, the Indian Parliament passed a long-awaited law banning the practice of manual scavenging. The Prohibition of Employment as Manual Scavengers and Their Rehabilitation Act 2013 prohibits the manual handling of human waste before its decomposition or treatment.
Even this failed at the implementation level. Dry toilets still exist and Dalits are still engaged in cleaning them, by way of lifting and moving human excreta with almost bare hands and no other safety gear. The 2013 policy did not even refer to rehabilitation per se. Though there are clear instructions to the management about providing safety gears to the cleaners, it is barely followed.
Though we have robust courts, barely any persons have been convicted of getting the manual scavengers to engage in this work. The law has totally failed in the implementation part. The government has to take proactive approach regarding this issue and ensure all the agencies involved take the lead in eradicating this inhuman practice.
The government has to take tough stance against those people and organisations who are forcing the others to clean manholes and lift excreta. The legal system is so sensitive to sexual choices and gender sensitive issues of women being allowed to enter the temples such as Sabarimala. But those issues are not a choice between life and death.
Lifting the dalits from manholes is the most pertinent task of a nation like India. A country needs to be aware of that. Only then, we can boast of being a nation of values, and Swachhata can be a winning card for us. Not until then, we may feel proud of our country.
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Kerala court sentences man to life imprisonment for murder of doctor at taluk hospital
Kollam (Kerala) (PTI): A teacher convicted in the sensational murder of Dr Vandana Das inside a hospital here was sentenced to life term on Saturday, and the prosecution said it will move an appeal seeking death penalty for the accused. The victim's family also batted for "maximum punishment".
Dr Das was brutally killed inside a taluk hospital in May 2023 by G Sandeep.
The Kollam Additional District and Sessions Court sentenced Sandeep to a total of 30 years for various offences under the then Indian Penal Code (IPC) and said that after he serves that period, his life imprisonment for Das' murder will commence, SPP Prathap G Padickal told reporters.
The detailed judgement is awaited.
The special public prosecutor said that he will recommend to the prosecution to file an appeal seeking enhancement of the life imprisonment to death penalty.
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He said that the prosecution had sought the maximum punishment for Sandeep, "but the court probably felt it was not a rarest-of-rare case" and that is why death penalty was not given.
The victim's father said that the verdict has come as a relief for the family, but he cannot authoritatively say whether his daughter has got justice.
He indicated his dissatisfaction with the punishment, saying that steps will be taken to seek its enhancement after discussions with the public prosecutor.
Dr Das' mother said that the family can only wish for the maximum punishment and it was up to the court to decide what sentence should be given.
She said that the family will go in appeal, but declined to comment on whether her daughter got justice.
She tearfully said that she wants the convict to suffer the same pain that her daughter underwent "as he stabbed her 27 times".
The court on March 17 had convicted Sandeep for various offences under the IPC, including murder, destruction of evidence and wrongful restraint.
It had also held him guilty under the provisions of the Kerala Healthcare Service Persons and Healthcare Service Institutions (Prevention of violence and damage to property) Act 2012.
Sandeep was brought to the taluk hospital by the police for medical treatment during the small hours of May 10, 2023 and he went on a sudden attacking spree using a pair of surgical scissors kept in the room where his leg injury was being dressed.
A school teacher by profession, he had initially attacked the police officers and a private person who had accompanied him to the hospital and then turned on the young Dr Das, who could not escape to safety.
She was stabbed several times and later succumbed to her injuries in a private hospital in Thiruvananthapuram where she was rushed following the attack.
Dr Das was a native of the Kaduthuruthy area of Kottayam district and the only child of her parents.
She was a house surgeon at Azeezia Medical College Hospital and was working at the Kottarakkara taluk hospital as part of her training.
Sandeep had called the emergency number 112, claiming that his life was in danger. When local police located him, he was standing close by his home, surrounded by local residents and his relatives, and had a wound on his leg following an alleged quarrel.
He was then taken to the hospital for dressing the wound.
