Reader's review: The Autobiography of Malcolm X "As told to Alex Haley"
This disclaimer informs readers that the views, thoughts, and opinions expressed in the text belong solely to the author, and not necessarily to the VarthaBharati.
As told to Alex Hayley, the biography of Macolm X inherits not only the life history of one of the greatest Civil Rights activist of the 20th century, but also the the plight of the Blacks in the Whiteman's world. An ardent champion of black rights, Malcom X continues to be a notable figure among the blacks to this day.
Malcom X's life should be shed light through three different prisms. The one before imprisonment where he was just another ignorant black who would simply imitate the whites and go on to any level to earn a living, the one after imprisonment where he was a trusted lieutenant of Elijah Muhammad in his Nation of Islam and a completely different Malcom after his pilgrimage to Mecca which he would later acknowledge himself.
Malcom X begins his life just as another ghetto occupant black who is unaltered by the social position of blacks in the whiteman's world. However, as things turn out to be, an imprisonment brings the first major change within himself. Though someone with school education only upto 8th grade, he educates himself with a lot of books in the prison thereby developing an awareness regarding the social position of the blacks. It is in the prison that he accepts Islam as he finds out that nothing other than Islam could be the true religion of the blacks.
Upon his release from the prison, he joins Elijah Muhammad's Nation of Islam and continues his strong activism for a separate homeland for the blacks rather than integrating with the whites. Here, he rises through the ranks and becomes only second to Elijah Muhammad in his Nation of Islam. However, as in any organisation, a slight mishap results in the suspension of Malcom X from the Nation of Islam which culminates in him setting up a parallel organisation in order to revive the spiritual, intellectual, emotional and physical regenration of the blacks.
Malcom X was an outspoken individual who wouldn't shy away from any debates. He was always open to controversies through what he preached. While on traffic, he was once asked by a white man if he would mind shaking hand with him. To this, Malcom gave a fitting reply that he would never mind shaking his hand with a human and asked in return if he was any ! Though he's accused of preaching militant racist tendencies for his want of separate land for blacks, one can never cast a doubt on his identification of a certain manhood within the blacks which they had buried under the white supremacist policies in the American land. As he himself predicted, he was portrayed as an instigator of hate and a separatist who's an extreme racist. However, he justifies the hatred through his wordings "The hate that hate produced ". He also justifies his separatist tendencies by quoting that any integration would only lead to further segregation of the blacks which doesn't bode well for their intellectual, spiritual and emotional regeneration.
A pilgrimage to Mecca strengthens him spiritually where he discovers that the Islamic Brotherhood transcends all of the world's racial overtones. Upon his return to the United States, he declares that not all the white's are anti-blacks and it is Islam which helps man to not inferiorate other humans on the basis of colour. The major spiritual awareness within Malcom is visible when he proclaims " Allah always gives you signs, when you are with him, that He is with you ".
One thing he would always regret was a blunt "nothing" reply he made to a college going white girl who had asked him if there was anything which she could do to the blacks. He would always announce that he had become more flexible with respect to the the contributions of the white's in the regenration of his fellow black brothers. For all those who proclaim that you acquire certain wisdom only through age, here was a man in his 30s whose wisdom on the plight of his fellow brothers and the affirmative action for their moral regenration was on the upper reading level of a wisdom barometer. As Elijah Muhammad would always say, with public recognition criticism would also tend to catch up. Malcom X was a perfect embodiment of that so much so that even upon his death, there were criticisms on him as being a hypocrite, a militant racist, a man losing out on the original path. The mystery of his death would remain as mysterious to this day as that of the Bermuda Triangle. Was his Organisation for Afro-American Unity destined for prime success had Malcom been alive ?
His advice to the writer Alex Haley that he wants not an interpretor but a writer for his book simply exemplifies the dead honest level he personified for himself. Further, his disassociation with Elijah Muhammad didn't let him from hiding his earlier reverence to him in his autobiography.
A lucidly written biography, the one that depicts the struggle of mankind and its zeal to overcome that struggle against all odds, this one is a masterpiece.
This disclaimer informs readers that the views, thoughts, and opinions expressed in the text belong solely to the author, and not necessarily to the VarthaBharati.
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345 Indian fishermen stranded in Iran return home via Armenia
New Delhi (PTI): A group of 345 Indian fishermen, who were stranded in Iran amid escalating regional tensions, returned to India via Armenia on Saturday, officials said.
External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar thanked his Armenian counterpart Ararat Mirzoyan for assistance in return of the Indian nationals.
The Indian nationals arrived in Chennai this evening, the officials cited above said.
The circumstances that led to them being stranded in Iran were not immediately known.
"Thank FM @AraratMirzoyan and the Government of Armenia for facilitating the evacuation of Indian fishermen today from Iran, through Armenia to India," Jaishankar said on social media.
Over 1,500 Indian nationals have left Iran through land border crossings in Armenia and Azerbaijan since the start of the West Asia conflict over a month ago.
"A group of Indian fishermen, stranded in Iran, are returning home via Armenia today; their flight is expected to reach India this evening," a government statement said.
It said the Ministry of External Affairs continues to closely monitor the evolving situation in the West Asian region, with the safety, security and welfare of the Indian community being accorded the highest priority.
It also made a mention of five Indians being injured in Abu Dhabi on Friday.
According to Abu Dhabi authorities, the Indian nationals were among the 12 people injured by debris from an intercepted missile.
"In an attack in Abu Dhabi, five Indian nationals were injured; four have been discharged, one remains under treatment," the Indian government's statement said.
It said the Indian mission in Abu Dhabi is extending "full" assistance and coordinating with local authorities, adding that their flight is expected to reach India this evening.
