Is population contributing to India’s poverty?
Recently, the industrialist and self-proclaimed godman Baba Ramdev said those with more than two children should be denied rights to vote. We are living in times where people speak about things that never relate to them. Politicians speak about science and sanyasis speak about economics. Baba Ramdev’s talk is the continuation of such trend.
According to him, increased population has contributed to the poverty of the country. This is an old theory. A country like China is facing an acute problem of deluge of aged persons owing to one child policy. Hence, the family planning policy has taken a backseat now.
In a country like India, population is a resource, and people are not suffering owing to the lack of it. Instead, the concentration of financial resources owing to Ambani, Adani, Ramdev etc has led to the country’s majority population living in poverty.
If he is really serious about poverty, Ramdev should talk about improper sharing of resources where the wealth lies in the hands of some rich people. That would suit the perspective of a sadhu such as Ramdev. But, Ramdev being an industrialist, he has amassed huge amount of wealth and resources to himself. Expecting him to speak on even distribution of resources is really foolish.
Are we really a poor country? Last year, an additional Rs 2200 crore worth property was amassed by the crorepatis of the country. While the one percent rich category increased its wealth by 39%, that population in the lowest order of hierarchy saw an increase of only three percent. This is according to the Oxfam report.
Since 2004, the poorest of the poor which is about 10% or 13.6 crore Indians, are still reeling under debts. While the poor struggle to feed their children and buy them medicines, a few affluent people are usurping the resources of the country. This leads to widespread anger, as Winnie Byanyima – the Oxfam International Executive Director.
She has even cautioned that this aversive uneven distribution of resources can cause serious damage to social and democratic setup of the country.
But unfortunately, people like Baba Ramdev are pointing fingers at increasing population and trying to slip out of their role in contributing to the concentration of wealth. About 10% of India’s population holds 77.4% wealth of the nation. The richest of the rich, in the top order has 51.53% of the national wealth. The 60% of the lower strata of the population holds just 4.8% of the national wealth.
About nine richest persons in India hold wealth that is equivalent to 50% of the wealth distributed among people from the lowest strata. Between 2018 and 22, the country will produce about 70 new crorepatis. With them, the number of poor will also increase. The report has said the governments often contribute to this menace by reducing the budgetary allocation to health and education of the poor, and reduce the taxes for the rich while increasing the cap on loans doled out to them. This leads to the widening of the gulf between the rich and the poor. Last year about 18 new crorepatis entered the list of privileged rich in the country.
India now has 119 crorepatis. The estimated value of their total assets stands at 400 billion dollars (Rs 28,00,000 crore)
This has been the highest annual increase in the last decade since 2008, with wealth in 2018 increasing up to $ 440.1 bn from $ 325.5 bn in 2017.
By increasing a mere 0.5% of taxes on the assets of the rich, India can cover nearly 50% of the budgetary allocation by the government for health. But then these are high hopes since the corporate forces are the ones that are running the government. So them allowing this hike in taxes is a very far thought.
The corporates are fleeing from the country after fleecing the Indian banks which hold the money saved by the middle class with their hard earnings. The country is busy hiking the tax limit for the middle class instead of taxing the rich. If only the resources concentrated among the few rich is disseminated among the poor, the picture would be different. The population should be turned into human resource. Instead of that, a self-proclaimed god man speaking against the unborn children would be the highest form of hypocrisy.
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Railways earned additional Rs 8,913 crore in 5 years by withdrawing senior citizens' concession: RTI
New Delhi (PTI): The Indian Railways has earned an additional revenue of approximately Rs 8,913 crore in five years by withdrawing concessions for senior citizens, according to replies from the Centre for Railway Information Systems on a Right to Information Act applications.
CRIS functions under the Railway Ministry and develops as well as maintains ticketing and passengers data besides offering various other services.
The question of restoring concessions on train tickets for senior citizens was raised in the parliament by members on several occasions, however, Railway Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw has said that the Railways already pays 46 per cent concession on an average to every passenger.
Males and transgenders over the age of 60 and females over the age of 58 used to avail 40 per cent and 50 per cent discounts respectively on train tickets for all classes before March 20, 2020, when the Railway Ministry withdrew it due to the onset of the Covid pandemic.
The data of passengers as well as revenue generated from them, accessed under the RTI Act, suggested that between March 20, 2020, and February 28, 2025, 31.35 crore senior citizens (male, female, transgenders) travelled paying an additional amount of Rs 8,913 crore due to suspension of concessions.
"I filed multiple applications under the RTI Act from March 20, 2020, onwards with the Railway Ministry and the most recent one was in March 2025. When I analysed the data, I found that approximately 18.279 crore males, 13.065 crore females and 43,536 transgender passengers, all senior citizens, travelled between March 20, 2020, and February 28, 2025,” Chandra Shekhar Gaur, an RTI activist from Madhya Pradesh said.
Calculating the gender-wise breakup for the overall revenue from senior citizens, Gaur said that according to the Ministry's response, it was approximately Rs 11,531 crore from male passengers, Rs 8,599 crore from female travellers and Rs 28.64 Lakh from transgender passengers.
He added, "The total revenue generated from all these passengers was Rs 20,133 crore. Considering the removal of 40 per cent discount for male as well as transgender passengers and 50 per cent for female on train journeys, the additional income that Railways earned was Rs Rs 8,913.”
The Railway Ministry has countered the demand for restoring senior citizen concessions on multiple occasions in the past.
"Indian Railways strives to provide affordable services to all strata of the society and gave subsidies of Rs 56,993 crore on passenger tickets in 2022- 23. This amounts to a concession of 46 per cent on average, to every person travelling on Railways,” Vaishnaw said in a written reply in the Lok Sabha on March 19, 2025.
He added, “In other words for easier understanding, if the cost of providing service is Rs 100, then the price of the ticket is Rs 54 only. This subsidy is continuing for all passengers.”
According to the Railway Minister, concessions beyond this subsidy amount are continuing for many categories like four categories of Persons with disabilities (Divyangjans), 11 categories of patients and eight categories of students.
Gaur demanded the restoration of the concession and questioned, “A common citizen pays various taxes throughout his life and on entering the age of senior citizen, can’t he expect the facility of concessional railway tickets from the Railways?"
"On what ground does the government call itself a welfare state?" he added.
