Were Corona vaccines proven to be safe?
Part-2
Ever since the vaccine maker Asta Zeneca’s admission before the UK court, the issue of severe adverse effects of corona vaccines has come to the fore again. The medical professionals who had brushed off the adverse effects as negligible and encouraged people to get vaccinated are now forced to justify their position. Were the side effects of these new vaccines indeed negligible?
Even when Covishield vaccine was given emergency use authorisation in India, there were early reports of possible side effects of the vaccine. In about a week after the vaccination was started on January 16, 2021 for doctors and health workers, there were reports of about 10 deaths among vaccine recipients, and some of us had raised the issue of safety of this vaccine and had questioned the rationale of using it without enough studies. In an interview to the periodical Mangalore Today in January 2021, I had pointed out these reports of at least ten deaths due to heart attacks and strokes after the vaccination and had called for investigations to know whether these deaths were related to the vaccine. By February-March 2021, there were reports of 5 deaths due to blood clotting and low platelet count (thrombotic thrombocytopenia) in Denmark, where 130,000 people (1 death in 26,000 recipients) had already received the same vaccine. Considering this, on March 11, 2021, Denmark and Norway stopped the use of this Oxford (Covishield) vaccine. Soon thereafter, Sweden and England, the parent countries of the makers of this vaccine, Astra-Zeneca and Oxford University, and also some other European countries as well as Australia either stopped the use or limited it to adults only. By the time Covishield vaccine was introduced to the general public in India in April 2021, all these reports were available, and we too had brought them to the attention of the government. When the Minister of Higher Education in Karnataka enforced corona vaccination as mandatory for entering colleges in Karnataka in May-June 2021, I had sent a legal notice to him stating that this vaccine had been withheld from being given to students and the young in other countries. This fact was also stated in the public interest petition filed in the state high court in June 2021. But all these warnings went unheeded and our students and youth were vaccinated. People were encouraged to get three doses without any need or basis. Reports of side effects in vaccine recipients were ignored and denied. Those who warned about these adverse reactions and unscientific methods were berated. Even though it was officially said that vaccination was optional, everyone was pressured to get vaccinated under the garbs of nationalism, sectarianism, and obedience of government orders etc. With all these, over 95 crore Indians were vaccinated.
Since the beginning of Corona vaccination, many reports of side effects have been published. A report of a multinational study on COVID 19 vaccines and adverse events of special interests was published on April 2, 2024. [Vaccine, 2 April 2024;42(9):2200] In Europe (Denmark, Finland, France, Scotland), Australia, New Zealand and Argentina, 21,97,37904 doses of mRNA vaccine and 2,30,93399 doses of Oxford (Covishield) vaccine were administered. Side effects observed within 42 days of administration were analyzed in this report. There was a statistically significant increase in Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (OE ratio = 2.49) and Guillain-Barré Syndrome (OE ratio = 2.49) after a first dose of ChAdOx1 (Oxford) vaccine and myocarditis (OE ratio = 3.48) and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (OE ratio = 3.78) following the first dose of mRNA-1273 vaccine. Notably, the study did not include data from India, where 175 crore doses of the Oxford vaccine were used, and it also lacked information on long-term side effects.
Vaccine induced thrombosis and thrombocytopenia (TTS) has been reported only with Oxford (Covishield) and Janssen vaccines. Studies from other countries estimated the incidence of TTS from 2 to 16 cases per million doses, which was higher among those who received the Oxford vaccine (npj Vaccines. 2022;7:141). What's more, these studies have reported that TTS occurs in 1 per million in those over 65 years of age, 3 per million in those aged 55-64 years, and 1 in 20,000 to 60,000, i.e. 17 to 50 per million, under 55 years of age. In other words, among those under the age of 55, infection fatality was 3 to 20 per million, while vaccine induced TTS was 17 to 50 per million; meaning that in people under 55, the vaccine was more riskier than the infection, and the infection was less riskier than the vaccine. In the age group of more than 60 years, infection fatality was 60 per million, vaccine induced TTS was one per million, making the vaccine safer than the infection. When it was known in Denmark in March 2021 that one in 26000 had died from the Oxford vaccine and that the vaccine was immediately withdrawn, why was there a need to give that vaccine to everyone in our country?
In India, comprehensive and accurate data about adverse events following immunization (AEFI) are not available and it is not even clear whether such information has been recorded honestly. If TTS has occurred in India at the same rate as elsewhere in the world, about 22,000 cases of TTS and related deaths might have occurred here. According to Awaken India Movement, which has actively collected and published information about AEFI, there have been 19273 deaths recorded in connection with COVID vaccination, but authenticity of this data cannot be verified. According to the official information provided by the government in Parliament, Supreme Court of India and under the Right to Information Act, out of a total of 219.6 crore doses of vaccines administered in our country, 92114 (0.0042%) cases of AEFI were recorded, of which 2782 were serious, and 1148 deaths occurred, 90 per cent of the doses and 92 per cent of the deaths were of Covishield. In Canada, Brazil and Argentina, AEFI were recorded in 0.06 per cent of vaccinees, whereas in India it was 10-15 times lower, suggesting that AEFI were possibly not recorded properly here.
Cases of blood clotting due to Covishield have not only involved the cerebral veins, but also there have been reports of blood clots in the veins and arteries of the intestines, retina, limbs, etc., and neurological complications such as Guillain Barre syndrome and cardiac complications such as myocarditis have also been reported. As the vaccines were given emergency use authorization on the basis of hasty and short-term trails of only a few weeks, without any studies on long term adverse effects, neither the doctors nor the general public had enough information about the possible adverse effects. Therefore, even when such adverse events did occur following vaccinations, they were not attributed to vaccines, or were deliberately rejected as unrelated to vaccines, and were not recorded as AEFI. For this reason, it cannot be ruled out that the actual number of people who suffered AEFI due to Covishield and other vaccines may be many times higher than what has been recorded.
As early as March-April 2021, scientists in Denmark had identified that some special antibody produced against the Oxford (Covishield) vaccine may be responsible for TTS. Both Oxford (Covishield) and Janssen vaccines are recombinant vaccines, using adeno viruses (of chimpanzees and humans) as vectors for the corona virus spike protein gene, and have been shown by many studies to produce antibodies against platelets (anti-platelet factor 4 antibody), resulting in thrombosis and thrombocytopenia. A recent study conducted at Flinders University in Australia has also reconfirmed these findings. Some studies have shown that although these antibodies disappear within 40-50 days in most people (about 85%), some may persist even after six months, and in 3-9% the risk of thrombosis may persist for a long time (Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024;13(4):1012) Whether the increasing cases of sudden cardiac arrest, heart attack and stroke are related to TSS and vaccine induced antibodies cannot be answered without further studies.
For Covaxin, which was given emergency approval without phase III trials, ‘under clinical trial mode’, neither the final report of phase III trials nor of AEFIs have been published so far. A few days ago, experts from Banaras Hindu University published a report that 70% of those who received Covaxin experienced adverse effects. The ICMR warned the Banaras University that the study was flawed and sought removal of its name from acknowledgments. Questions to ICMR and Bharat Biotech to show a better study has remained unanswered so far!
It is therefore time now for our government, doctors, medical organizations and vaccine manufacturing companies to give honest, evidence-based answers to our 95 crore people who were inadequately informed and pressured to get vaccinated unnecessarily. After the Astra Zeneca company admitted the adverse effects in court, a doctor from Karnataka, speaking to the media, compared the corona vaccine to a bus-train journey, and stated that just as people travel in buses-trains-airplanes even after being aware of the risks of accidents, vaccinations too can be associated with risks and these risks need to be taken, considering the benefits of the vaccines. But the fact is that for the real bus or train alluded to by this doctor, passengers buy the tickets on their own volition, and board them on their own after knowing fully well the risks of accidents. The covid vaccine bus, on the other, was touted as very safe, and without informing anyone much about any risks involved, it was as if the government and these doctors pushed our people into it for free travel, and now, after 2 years of travel, are scaring the passengers, travelling forcibly, that it can meet with accident leading to serious injuries. Doctors who forced our people to get vaccinated, and are now struggling to justify it, need to know the difference between these two buses.
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Iran offers to reopen Strait of Hormuz if US lifts its blockade and the war ends: officials
Cairo (AP): Iran has offered to end its chokehold on the Strait of Hormuz in exchange for the US lifting its blockade on the country and an end to the war, while proposing that discussions on the larger question of its nuclear programme would come in a later phase, two regional officials said Monday.
US President Donald Trump seems unlikely to accept the offer, which was passed to the Americans by Pakistan and would leave unresolved the disagreements that led the US and Israel to go to war on February 28.
With a fragile ceasefire in place, the US and Iran are locked in a standoff over the strait, through which a fifth of the world's traded oil and gas passes in peacetime. The US blockade is designed to prevent Iran from selling its oil, depriving it of crucial revenue while also potentially creating a situation where Tehran has to shut off production because it has nowhere to store the oil.
The strait's closure, meanwhile, has put pressure on Trump, as oil and gasoline prices have skyrocketed ahead of crucial midterm elections, and it has pressured his Gulf allies, which use the waterway to export their oil and gas.
The closure has also had far-reaching effects throughout the world economy, raising the price of fertilizer, food and other basic goods.
The proposal would push off negotiations on Iran's nuclear programme to a later date. Trump said one of the major reasons he went to war was to deny Iran the ability to develop nuclear weapons.
The two officials, who had knowledge of the proposal, spoke on condition of anonymity to discuss the closed-door negotiations between Iranian and Pakistani officials this weekend. The Axios news outlet first reported Iran's proposal.
It came as Iran's foreign minister visited Russia, which has long been a key backer of Tehran. It's unclear what, if any, assistance Moscow might offer now.
Strait of Hormuz remains blocked
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Iran's ability to choke off traffic in the Strait of Hormuz, the narrow mouth of the Persian Gulf, has proved one of its biggest strategic advantages in a war that has often boiled down to which side can take more pain.
Oil prices have risen steadily since the war began and tankers full of crude became stranded in the Persian Gulf, unable to safely transit through the strait and reach global distribution points.
On Monday, the spot price of Brent crude, the international standard, was trading at around $108 per barrel, nearly 50 per cent higher than when the war began.
Iranian foreign minister holds talks as negotiations with US stall
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Trump last week indefinitely extended the ceasefire the US and Iran agreed to on April 7 that has largely halted fighting. But a permanent settlement remains elusive in the war that has killed thousands of people.
Iran's state-run IRNA news agency said Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi landed in St. Petersburg on Monday morning ahead of a meeting with Russian President Vladimir Putin.
“It is a good opportunity for us to consult with our Russian friends about the developments that have occurred in relation to the war during this period and what is happening now,” Araghchi said in a video interview posted by IRNA.
It comes as Pakistan has been seeking to revive stalled talks between Iran and the US, and negotiations had been expected in Islamabad over the weekend. Instead, Trump called off a trip by his envoys and suggested the talks could take place by phone instead.
Over the weekend, Araghchi made two stops in Pakistan and a visit to Oman, which shares the strait with Iran. He also spoke by phone with counterparts in Qatar and Saudi Arabia on Sunday.
Iran wants to persuade Oman to support a mechanism to collect tolls from vessels passing through the strait, according to a regional official who spoke on condition of anonymity because he was not authorised to discuss the matter.
Oman's response wasn't immediately clear.
The official, who is involved in mediation efforts, also said Iran insisted on ending the US blockade before new talks and that Pakistan-led mediators are trying to bridge significant gaps between the countries.
Trump says Iran has offered a much better proposal
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Trump told journalists Saturday that after he called off a trip by his envoys to Pakistan, Iran sent a “much better” proposal.
He did not elaborate but stressed that one of his conditions is that Iran “will not have a nuclear weapon”.
Iran insists its programme is peaceful, but the US wants to remove Tehran's stockpile of highly enriched uranium, which could be used to build a bomb, should Tehran choose to pursue one.
Since the war began, at least 3,375 people have been killed in Iran and at least 2,509 people in Lebanon, where fighting between Israel and the Iran-backed Hezbollah militant group resumed two days after the Iran war started. Another 23 people have been killed in Israel and more than a dozen in Gulf Arab states. Fifteen Israeli soldiers in Lebanon, 13 US service members in the region and six UN peacekeepers in southern Lebanon have been killed.
The ceasefire between Israel and Hezbollah has been extended by three weeks. Hezbollah has not participated in the Washington-brokered diplomacy.
