KAMS urges K’taka govt to reduce SSLC pass percentage from current 35 to 33 to match national norms
Bengaluru: In a bid to improve student outcomes in the SSLC examination, the Associated Managements of Primary and Secondary Schools in Karnataka (KAMS) has urged the state government to reduce the minimum pass percentage from the current 35% to 33%, bringing it in line with national standards.
KAMS, an association of private school managements, has submitted a series of policy-level reforms and recommendations to improve the pass percentages in the SSLC exam to Rashmi Mahesh, Principal Secretary of the Department of School Education and Literacy. The proposal follow a comparative study of the education systems in Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, and the Union Territory of Puducherry, as reported by The Hindu on Sunday.
The association has requested the government to form a high-level committee on SSLC exam reforms immediately. It pointed out that Karnataka’s pass criteria are stricter than in other regions. “While in Karnataka it is 35%, CBSE has it at 33%. In Kerala, it is 30% in all subjects and also in total. In Andhra Pradesh, students must score 35% in each subject except in Hindi (20%). Overall 32.5% is required,” KAMS noted.
The association also highlighted disparities in assessment models. While states such as Kerala and Telangana follow a blended approach combining internal and external assessments, Karnataka mandates a minimum of 35% solely in the final written examination, with no weight given to internal assessments. For instance, Telangana includes 20 internal marks per subject, and Kerala allots 130 marks to internal evaluations out of a total of 650. CBSE allocates 20 marks for internals and 80 for externals, requiring students to score 33% overall to pass the exams.
KAMS further recommended the introduction of a dual exam option in mathematics and science in Karnataka, similar to the CBSE system that offers students a choice between basic and standard mathematics. This, the association argues, would reduce academic burden on students, the report added.
To ensure broader reforms, KAMS also recommended aligning Karnataka’s textbooks and curriculum with those of the National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT). In addition, improving teacher training and strengthening the Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) process were among the other reforms suggested.
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High courts upheld only 8 per cent of death sentences; SC confirms none in recent years: Report
New Delhi (PTI): Highlighting that a high acquittal rate of death row convicts by the Supreme Court and high courts demonstrates a pattern of "erroneous or unjustified convictions", a study of 10 years of death penalty data has revealed that the top court did not confirm any death sentences in recent years.
The study by Square Circle Clinic, a criminal laws advocacy group with the NALSAR University of Law in Hyderabad, found that an overwhelming majority of death sentences imposed by trial courts did not withstand scrutiny at higher judicial levels. Acquittals far outnumbered confirmations at both the high courts and Supreme Court levels.
According to the report, the trial courts across India awarded 1,310 death sentences in 822 cases between 2016 and 2025. High courts considered 842 of these sentences in confirmation proceedings but upheld only 70 or 8.31 per cent.
In contrast, 258 death sentences (30.64 per cent) resulted in acquittals. The study noted that the acquittal rate at the high court level was nearly four times the confirmation rate.
Data showed that of the 70 death sentences confirmed by high courts, the Supreme Court decided 38 and did not uphold a single one. The apex court has confirmed no death sentences between 2023 and 2025.
"Wrongful or erroneous or unjustified convictions, then, are not random or freak accidents in the Indian criminal justice system. The data indicates they are a persistent and serious systemic concern," the report said.
Over the last decade, high courts adjudicated 1,085 death sentences in 647 cases, confirming only 106 (9.77 per cent). During this period, 326 persons in 191 cases, were acquitted.
The report attributed low confirmation rates to the appellate judiciary’s concerns regarding failures in due process. "This coincides with increased Supreme Court scrutiny of safeguards at the sentencing stage," the report said.
Of the 153 death sentences decided by the apex court over the last decade, the accused were acquitted in 38 cases. In 2025 alone, high courts overturned death sentences into acquittals in 22 out of 85 cases (over 25 per cent). The same year, Supreme Court acquitted accused persons in more than half of the death penalty cases it decided (10 out of 19), the report said.
The study highlighted that 364 persons who were ultimately acquitted "should not even have been convicted and unjustifiably suffered the trauma of death row". It added that such failures extend beyond adjudication and reflect serious lapses in investigation and prosecution.
The question of remedies for wrongful convictions remains pending before the Supreme Court. In September 2025, three persons acquitted by the apex court filed writ petitions seeking compensation from the state and argued that their wrongful convictions violated their fundamental right to life and liberty under Article 21 of the Constitution.
"In 2022, the Supreme Court crystallised a sentencing process in Manoj v. State of Madhya Pradesh , and mandated all courts to follow those guidelines before imposing or confirming a death sentence," the report read.
In 2025, the apex court held in Vasanta Sampat Dupare v. Union of India that death penalty sentencing hearings form part of the right to a fair trial and stressed that capital punishment can be imposed only after a constitutionally compliant sentencing process.
"However, even at the high courts whether the process mandated under Manoj is being complied with is in doubt,” the report said.
