Dalit business owners in India earn 16% less due to their caste, says study
Bengaluru: A study has revealed that Dalit business owners in India earn, on average, 16 percent less than other business owners, including those from other disadvantaged communities. This income gap can be solely attributed to caste, according to the research paper titled ‘It’s not who you know, but who you are: Explaining income gaps of stigmatized-caste business owners in India’, which was published earlier this week in the research journal PLOS One.
The study by researchers from India, the UK, and Australia found that social capital—a measure of "whom you know," often considered beneficial in various situations, including business—did not significantly improve the incomes of Dalit business owners.
The study employed three analytical techniques, all yielding similar results: there is a 15 to 18 percent income gap between Dalit business owners and others, which can be attributed solely to caste and not other factors like whether they live in urban or rural areas, their education, family background, or land ownership, according to Prateek Raj, an assistant professor at the IIM-Bangalore and lead member of the research team, as noted in the Telegraph.
The analysis revealed that business owners from other disadvantaged groups, such as Other Backward Classes, Scheduled Tribes, or Muslims, benefited from social capital, suggesting that those with more social capital had higher income levels. However, for Dalits (Scheduled Castes), social capital had a much smaller impact, amplifying income disparities compared to others with the same levels of social capital.
Hari Bapbuji, co-author of the paper and a professor at the University of Melbourne, noted that this is due to the stigma associated with Dalits, which affects them personally and is reinforced in social interactions.
Moreover, the study found that human capital, measured by the number of years of school or college education, provided similar income benefits to Dalit business owners as it did to other business owners. Thomas Roulet, an associate professor at the University of Cambridge and the study’s third collaborator, explained that this implies having social capital, or a network, is not as effective as having education in countering stigma.
Experts estimate that Dalits constitute between 250 million and 300 million of India’s 1.4 billion population. This research claims to be one of the first to quantify the impact of caste on business income. While the researchers had expected the effect of social capital would limit stigmatisation, the results showcased that it actually makes stigmatisation even more damaging. Raj stated that the stigma faced by Dalits might not always be explicit discrimination but could result from ingrained attitudes or biases, potentially practiced unconsciously.
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Businessman lured by FB friend, attacked for extortion in K'taka; 4 held
Madikeri (Karnataka) (PTI): Four people were arrested for allegedly assaulting, illegally confining and attempting to extort money from a 39-year-old businessman who was lured through a honeytrap set up on social media, police said on Monday.
The accused have been identified as Rachana, Malati, Darshan and Ravi.
Police said efforts are underway to nab the remaining suspects involved in the incident, which occurred on December 12 in Madikeri, the district headquarters of Kodagu.
According to the complaint, the victim, a resident of Maddur taluk in Mandya district, was befriended by a woman identified as Rachana through Facebook, who later sought financial assistance and received Rs 5,000 from him via PhonePe on November 28.
When he asked her to return the money, the woman allegedly asked him to travel to Mysuru or Kushalnagar, promising to meet him.
The police said the woman later called the victim to Madikeri on December 12 and took him to a house near the market area, where they spent some time and consumed alcohol in the evening.
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Later that night, citing an emergency, the woman left the house. After her departure, three men allegedly broke into the house and attacked the victim, assaulting him with a stick and the handle of a sword, causing injuries to his face, mouth, chest and leg, the FIR stated.
The complainant alleged that he was forcibly confined, stripped and a nude video of him was recorded. The accused also allegedly threatened him with a toy gun, demanding Rs 50 lakh and warning that the video would be uploaded on social media if the money was not paid.
Police said the victim was held captive and somehow managed to escape in the early hours of December 13. However, after he escaped, the accused allegedly attempted to kidnap him in an autorickshaw, an incident that was captured on CCTV cameras.
Based on his complaint at the Madikeri Town police station, a case was registered under Sections 310(2) (dacoity), 127(2) (wrongful confinement), 118(1) (voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt by dangerous weapons or means) and 3(5) (common intention) of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, a senior police officer said.
“Four accused, including two women, have been arrested. Efforts are on to nab two more absconding accused. Further investigation is on,” he added.
