Karnataka has just 8.9% women in police force, far behind Bihar, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu: Study
Bengaluru: Karnataka has only 8.91% women in its police force, significantly lower than the national average of 12.73%, and is trailing far behind states like Bihar (23.66%), Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu, according to a study by the National Law School of India University (NLSIU), Bengaluru.
The findings, reported by The Hindu on Saturday, reveal a stark gender gap in the state’s policing system, despite a 25% reservation for women in the force. The NLSIU project study, which surveyed 202 police stations across eight districts, found that nearly two-thirds of these stations had no woman officers in key investigative ranks such as Sub-Inspector (SI), Assistant Sub-Inspector (ASI), or Police Inspector (PI). Only three stations — two in Mysuru and one in Davangere — had a woman PI, two of which were designated women’s police stations. Additionally, 130 of the 202 stations had no woman SI at all.
Karnataka’s journey toward gender representation has been marked by uneven progress. In 2007, women constituted 5.44% of the police force. This figure rose modestly to over 6% by 2016, but dipped again to 5% in 2017 — the same year the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) flagged the gender shortfall. In response, the state introduced a 20% quota for women, later increased to 25% in 2020. Despite this, the representation has barely crossed 8% as of 2021, and stands at just 8.91% in 2023.
According to the Karnataka Administrative Reforms Commission (KARC), at the current pace of recruitment and promotion, it will take over 25 years for the state to meet its own target, added The Hindu.
In contrast, states such as Bihar, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu have demonstrated consistent progress, with women's representation in their police forces now exceeding 20%. Karnataka, however, has continued to fall short of the national average since 2012, widening the gap each year.
The study also highlighted that women police personnel, despite contributing significantly to routine police duties, are often excluded from core responsibilities such as investigations, including those involving sexual assault. Instead, they are used for token appearances, such as accompanying survivors or being present during statements.
Devyani Srivastava, Senior Manager (Research) and project lead at NLSIU, mentioned that achieving gender parity is not merely a constitutional requirement, but also an operational imperative. “A police institution with diverse skill sets and lived experiences is better equipped to respond to safety challenges of today. While increasing the share of policewomen is a crucial first step, ensuring gender-responsive policies, facilities, training and infrastructure, at all levels, must go hand in hand for meaningful outcomes,” The Hindu quoted her as saying.
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India proposes preferential trade agreement with Mexico to deal with high tariffs
New Delhi (PTI): India has proposed a preferential trade agreement (PTA) with Mexico to help domestic exporters deal with the steep tariffs announced by the South American country, a top government official said on Monday.
Mexico has decided to impose steep import tariffs - ranging from about 5 per cent to as high as 50 per cent on a wide range of goods (about 1,463 tariff lines) from countries that do not have free trade agreements with Mexico, including India, China, South Korea, Thailand and Indonesia.
Commerce Secretary Rajesh Agrawal said that India has engaged with the country on the issue.
"Technical level talks are on...The only fast way forward is to try to get a preferential trade agreement (PTA) because an FTA (free trade agreement) will take a lot of time. So we are trying to see what can be a good way forward," he told reporters here.
While in an FTA two trading partners either significantly reduce or eliminate import duties on maximum number of goods traded between them, in a PTA, duties are cut or removed on a limited number of products.
Trading partners of Mexico cannot file a compliant against the decision on imposing high tariffs as they are WTO (World Trade Organisation) compatible.
The duties are within their bound rates, he said, adding that their primary target was not India.
"We have proposed a PTA because its a WTO-compatible way forward... we can do a PTA and try to get concessions that are required for Indian supply chains and similarly offer them concessions where they have export interests in India," Agrawal said.
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Citing support for local production and correction of trade imbalances, Mexico has approved an increase in MFN (most favoured nation) import tariffs (5-50 per cent) with effect from January 1, 2026 on 1,455 tariff lines (or product categories) within the WTO framework, targeting non-FTA partners.
Preliminary estimates suggest that this affects India's around USD 2 billion exports to Mexico particularly -- automobile, two-wheelers, auto parts, textiles, iron and steel, plastics, leather and footwear.
The measure is also aimed at curbing Chinese imports.
India-Mexico merchandise trade totalled USD 8.74 billion in 2024, with exports USD 5.73 billion, imports USD 3.01 billion, and a trade surplus of USD 2.72 billion.
The government has been continuously and comprehensively assessing Mexico's tariff revisions since the issue emerged, engaging stakeholders, safeguarding the interests of Indian exporters, and pursuing constructive dialogue to ensure a stable trade environment benefiting businesses and consumers in both countries.
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Federation of Indian Export Organisations (FIEO) Director General Ajay Sahai has said that Mexico's decision is a matter of concern, particularly for sectors like automobiles and auto components, machinery, electrical and electronics, organic chemicals, pharmaceuticals, textiles, and plastics.
"Such steep duties will erode our competitiveness and risk, disrupting supply chains that have taken years to develop," Sahai said, adding that this development also underlines the little urgency for India and Mexico to fast-track a comprehensive trade agreement.
Domestic auto component manufacturers will face enhanced cost pressures with Mexico hiking duties on Indian imports, according to industry body ACMA.
