SC acquits death row convict, says he was made 'scapegoat' by police
New Delhi (PTI): The Supreme Court on Wednesday acquitted a man on death row for sexually assaulting and murdering a seven-year-old girl in 2017, saying the trial in the case was conducted in a "lopsided manner" and he was made a "scapegoat" by police.
The apex court said the constitutional right afforded to an accused to defend himself is not illusory or imaginary and it is the duty of the court and the State to ensure that the accused is not prejudiced or deprived of a fair opportunity to defend himself in a case where he may be awarded capital punishment.
A bench of Justices Vikram Nath, Sanjay Karol and Sandeep Mehta delivered the verdict on an appeal filed by the accused, Dashwanth, who challenged a July 2018 judgement of the Madras High Court, which had upheld the death sentence awarded to him by a trial court.
The bench said the prosecution failed miserably to prove the vital circumstances, including last seen together theory and FSL reports establishing the DNA profiling comparison, on which his conviction was based.
It said the appellant was not represented by a defence lawyer and the services of a free legal aid counsel were provided to him on December 13, 2017, after the charges had been framed.
"A bare perusal of the above sequence of events and proceedings makes it clear that right from the stage of framing of the charges, the trial was conducted in a lopsided manner and without due deference to the principles of fair trial," the bench said in its 71-page verdict.
It said the documents relied upon by the prosecution were not provided to the appellant and without complying with the mandate of Section 207 of the CrPC, charges were framed on October 24, 2017, against the accused, who was unrepresented on that date.
"For the trial to be fair and reasonable, an effective opportunity to defend must be provided to the accused and representation by a counsel of choice is an important component of this guarantee," it said.
The top court said in a case where an accused is facing charges for offences which carry capital punishment, this constitutional mandate becomes even more
sacrosanct.
It said the appellant was convicted on February 19, 2018, and on the very same day, the trial judge proceeded to undertake the exercise of hearing him on the aspect of sentence and awarded the death penalty.
"Evidently, the manner in which the trial court proceeded to pass the sentencing order indicates hot haste, leaving much to be desired, and (this) would vitiate the death sentence awarded to the appellant," it noted.
It said the failure to collect the data from the digital video recorder of the CCTV camera, which allegedly captured the suspicious movements of the appellant on the fateful day, created grave doubt on the bonafides of the investigation agency.
"It seems that the investigation officers were intentionally trying to screen the truth from being brought on record and washed their hands off the matter by making the appellant a scapegoat," the bench said.
It said reliance placed by the prosecution on the so-called CCTV footage was nothing but a figment of imagination and cannot be accepted.
The bench said the prosecution's claim that the victim's body was recovered in furtherance of the disclosure statement made by the appellant was belied by cogent material available on record.
The bench said while the case pertained to the commission of a heinous offence involving a minor girl, it cannot ignore or bypass the fundamental principle of criminal jurisprudence that prosecution is duty-bound to prove the guilt of the accused beyond reasonable doubt.
It said the onus is heavier in a case based purely on circumstantial evidence.
"However, regrettably, the prosecution has miserably failed to do so in the instant case, leaving the court with no choice but to acquit the appellant, despite the heinous nature of the crime," it said.
The bench further said, "While it is acknowledged that the acquittal of an individual involved in a heinous crime can lead to societal distress and cause grave anguish to the victim's family, the legal framework does not permit the courts to punish an accused person based merely on moral convictions or conjectures".
It said each case must be adjudicated by courts rigorously on its individual merits and in strict conformity with the law, without yielding to public sentiment and external pressures.
While allowing the appeal, the bench set aside the judgements delivered by the high court as well as the trial court.
It set aside the appellant's conviction and sentence, and acquitted him of the charges.
The bench directed that the appellant be released from custody forthwith, if not wanted in any other case.
The trial court had convicted the man for murder and under the provisions of the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act. According to the prosecution, the victim went missing and her charred body was recovered on February 8, 2017, in furtherance of the disclosure statement made by the appellant.
He was arrested on February 8, 2017.
During the trial, he had refuted the allegations and said he was falsely implicated.
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India proposes preferential trade agreement with Mexico to deal with high tariffs
New Delhi (PTI): India has proposed a preferential trade agreement (PTA) with Mexico to help domestic exporters deal with the steep tariffs announced by the South American country, a top government official said on Monday.
Mexico has decided to impose steep import tariffs - ranging from about 5 per cent to as high as 50 per cent on a wide range of goods (about 1,463 tariff lines) from countries that do not have free trade agreements with Mexico, including India, China, South Korea, Thailand and Indonesia.
Commerce Secretary Rajesh Agrawal said that India has engaged with the country on the issue.
"Technical level talks are on...The only fast way forward is to try to get a preferential trade agreement (PTA) because an FTA (free trade agreement) will take a lot of time. So we are trying to see what can be a good way forward," he told reporters here.
While in an FTA two trading partners either significantly reduce or eliminate import duties on maximum number of goods traded between them, in a PTA, duties are cut or removed on a limited number of products.
Trading partners of Mexico cannot file a compliant against the decision on imposing high tariffs as they are WTO (World Trade Organisation) compatible.
The duties are within their bound rates, he said, adding that their primary target was not India.
"We have proposed a PTA because its a WTO-compatible way forward... we can do a PTA and try to get concessions that are required for Indian supply chains and similarly offer them concessions where they have export interests in India," Agrawal said.
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Citing support for local production and correction of trade imbalances, Mexico has approved an increase in MFN (most favoured nation) import tariffs (5-50 per cent) with effect from January 1, 2026 on 1,455 tariff lines (or product categories) within the WTO framework, targeting non-FTA partners.
Preliminary estimates suggest that this affects India's around USD 2 billion exports to Mexico particularly -- automobile, two-wheelers, auto parts, textiles, iron and steel, plastics, leather and footwear.
The measure is also aimed at curbing Chinese imports.
India-Mexico merchandise trade totalled USD 8.74 billion in 2024, with exports USD 5.73 billion, imports USD 3.01 billion, and a trade surplus of USD 2.72 billion.
The government has been continuously and comprehensively assessing Mexico's tariff revisions since the issue emerged, engaging stakeholders, safeguarding the interests of Indian exporters, and pursuing constructive dialogue to ensure a stable trade environment benefiting businesses and consumers in both countries.
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Federation of Indian Export Organisations (FIEO) Director General Ajay Sahai has said that Mexico's decision is a matter of concern, particularly for sectors like automobiles and auto components, machinery, electrical and electronics, organic chemicals, pharmaceuticals, textiles, and plastics.
"Such steep duties will erode our competitiveness and risk, disrupting supply chains that have taken years to develop," Sahai said, adding that this development also underlines the little urgency for India and Mexico to fast-track a comprehensive trade agreement.
Domestic auto component manufacturers will face enhanced cost pressures with Mexico hiking duties on Indian imports, according to industry body ACMA.
